Mouse Secondary Antibodies
Biotium 8-Oxoguanine DNA Glycosylase(CPTC-OGG1-1), Biotin conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
8-Oxoguanine DNA Glycosylase (OGG1), otherwise known as N-Glycosylase/DNA lyase, is the enzyme responsible for the excision of 8-oxoguanine (8-oxoG), a mutagenic base by-product which occurs as a result of exposure to reactive oxygen. The action of this enzyme includes lyase activity for chain cleavage. Accumulation of 8-oxoG increases the occurrence of A:T to C:G or G:C to T:A transversion mutations, because 8-oxoG forms a stable basepair with adenine as well as with cytosine. The OGG1 gene encodes eight isoforms (OGG1A-C, OGG2A-E) which result from alternative splicing of a single messenger RNA. The OGG1A splice variant is the most prevalent form and localizes to the nucleus, whereas the OGG2A splice variant is targeted to the mitochondria. Defects in OGG1 may be a cause of renal cell carcinoma. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of bl
Biotium Cell Division Cycle 34 homolog(CPTC-CDC34-2), CF740 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Cell cycle events are regulated by the sequential activation and deactivation of cyclin dependent kinases (Cdks) and by the proteolysis of cyclins. The cell division cycle (Cdc) genes are required at various points in the cell cycle. Cdc25A, Cdc25B and Cdc25C protein tyrosine phosphatases function as mitotic activators by dephosphorylating Cdc2 p34 on regulatory tyrosine residues. Cdc6 is the human homolog of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Cdc6, which is involved in the initiation of DNA replication. Cdc37 appears to facilitate Cdk4/cyclin D1 complex formation and has been shown to form a stable complex with HSP 90. Cdc34, Cdc27 and Cdc16 function as ubiquitinconjugating enzymes. Cdc34 is thought to be the structural and functional homolog of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Cdc34, which is essential for the G1 to S phase transition. Cdc16 and Cdc27 are components of the APC (anaphase promoting complex) which ubiquitinates cyclin B, resulting in cyclin B/Cdk complex degradation. Primary antibod
Biotium TCL1 (T-Cell Marker)(TCL1/2079), CF488A conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
T-cell leukemia/Lymphoma Protein 1A (TCL-1A), also known as p14TCL1 is a product of the TCL1 gene that is involved in T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia (TPLL). T-PLL is a rare form of mature T-cell leukemia, which is consistently associated with chromosomal rearrangements characterized by the juxtaposition of the TCRA locus on chromosome 14q11 and the TCL1A gene on 14q32. 13. TCL1 is overexpressed in Burkitt lymphoma, the majority of AIDS-related non-Hodgkin lymphoma-designated immunoblastic plasmacytoid lymphoma, lymphoblastic lymphoma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, mantle cell lymphoma, follicular lymphoma, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, and primary cutaneous B-cell lymphoma. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundance targets, because blue dyes have
Biotium Occludin (Marker of Early Blood Brain Barrier Damage)(OCLN/2181), CF740 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Occludin is a tetraspan integral membrane protein in epithelial and endothelial tight junction (TJ) structures that can contain two extracellular loops. The protein exists in a variety of phosphorylated forms. Phosphorylation is involved in regulating both the localization and the function of Occludin. Expression of Occludin is upregulated by polyunsaturated fatty acids, increasing trans-endothelial cell resistance and reducing cellular permeability to large molecules. The level of Occludin varies greatly depending on tissue; in brain tissue, Occludin is highly expressed at cell-cell contact sites. Non-neural tissues show lower expression and discontinuous distribution. Occludin is a tight junction protein that is a key structural component of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Degradation of Occludin is frequently seen in ischemic stroke and contributes to BBB disruption. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes
Biotium Melanoma Antigen Family A, 4 / MAGEA4(CPTC-MAGEA4-1), CF740 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
The melanoma-associated antigen (MAGE) family consists of a number of antigens recognized by cytotoxic T lymphocytes. The MAGE genes were initially isolated from different kinds of tumors, and based on their virtually exclusive tumor-specific expression in adult tissues, they have been used as targets for cancer immunotherapy. MAGE genes encode for tumor-rejection antigens and are expressed in tumors of different histologic types, but not in normal tissues, with the exception of testis and placenta. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundance targets, because blue dyes have lower fluorescence and can give higher non-specific background than other dye colors.
Biotium Calbindin 1 (CALB1)(CALB1/2364), CF740 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Calbindin 1, also known as calbindin D28K, is a member of a family of calcium binding proteins. This protein family also includes calmodulin, calbindin 2, S-100, and troponin C. Calbindin 1 is a 261-amino acid protein with 6 EF-hand domains, 4 of which are active calcium-binding domains. Expressed in brain, ovary, uterus, testis, pancreas, liver, kidney and intestine, calbindin 1 acts as a calcium-buffering agent and alters the activity of the plasma membrane ATPase. In neuronal cells, calbindin 1 modulates calcium channel activity, calcium transients and intrinsic neuronal firing activity. Also, calbindin 1 has been implicated to play a role in apoptosis and microtubule function. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundance targets, because blue dyes
Biotium Cytokeratin, Basic (Type II or HMW)(rKRTH/2148), CF740 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
This antibody recognizes CK1, CK5, CK10 and CK14. In normal epithelia, it stains stratified epithelia, myoepithelial cells and basal cells in the prostate gland and bronchi. This MAb shows no reactivity with hepatocytes, pancreatic acinar cells, proximal renal tubules, or endometrial glands; there is no reactivity with cells derived from simple epithelia. Mesenchymal tumors, lymphomas, melanomas, neural tumors, and neuroendocrine tumors are negative with this antibody. It stains myoepithelial cells and has been shown to be useful in distinguishing prostate adenocarcinoma from benign prostate. This antibody has also been useful in separating benign from malignant intraductal breast proliferations. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundance targets, b
Biotium HSV1 (Herpes Simplex Virus Type I)(HSVI/2095), CF740 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
The antibody reacts with HSV type 1 specific antigen. It is suitable for detection of HSV in human cellular material obtained from superficial lesions or biopsies and for the early identification of HSV in infected tissue cultures. The herpes simplex virus (HSV) (also known as cold sore, night fever or fever blister) is a virus that causes a contagious disease. There are two main types of Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV), 1 and 2. The HSV-1 strain generally appears in the orafacial organs. HSV2 usually resides in the sacral ganglion at the base of the spine. All herpes viruses are morphologically identical: they have a large double-stranded DNA genome and the virion consists of an icosahedral nucleo-capsid, which is surrounded by a lipid bilayer envelope. UL42, the processivity subunit of the HSV-1DNA polymerase binds DNA as a monomer and is essential for the replication of the virus. UL42 reduces the rate of dissociation from primer-template DNA, but it does not reduce the rate of elon
Biotium p14ARF(4C6/4), CF740 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
The progression of cells through the cell cycle is regulated by a family of proteins designated cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdks). Sequential activation of individual members of this family and their consequent phosphorylation of critical substrates promotes orderly progression through the cell cycle. Multiple proteins are encoded by the tumor suppressor gene CDKN2A (MTS1/ p16INK4a) via translation of alternate reading frames, resulting in the pro- duction of the p19 ARF protein in mice and the p14 ARF protein in humans. p14 ARF induces an increase in MDM2 and p21 levels and leads to cell cycle arrest in both G1 and G2/M. p14 ARF is negatively regulated by p53 and is known to bind directly to MDM2. CDKN2A also encodes the mitotic protein p16, which binds to and inhibits the Cdk4/cyclin D complex. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue
Biotium Adipophilin / Perilipin-2 (Marker of Lipid Accumulation)(rADFP/1493), Biotin conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Perilipin-2, also known as Adipophilin, belongs to the perilipin family, members of which coat intracellular lipid storage droplets. This 48 kDa protein is associated with the lipid globule surface membrane material, and maybe involved in development and maintenance of adipose tissue. However, it is not restricted to adipocytes as previously thought, but is found in a wide range of cultured cell lines, including fibroblasts, endothelial and epithelial cells, and tissues, such as lactating mammary gland, adrenal cortex, Sertoli and Leydig cells, and hepatocytes in alcoholic liver cirrhosis, suggesting that it may serve as a marker of lipid accumulation in diverse cell types and diseases. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundance targets, becaus
Biotium CD19 (B-Lymphocyte Marker)(CD19/3116), CF488A conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
CD19 is a transmembrane glycoprotein that contains two extracellular immunoglobulin-like domains. CD19 is present in both benign and malignant B-cells and is considered to be the most reliable surface marker of this lineage over a wide range of maturational stages. In normal lymphoid tissue, CD19 is observed in germinal centers, in mantle zone cells, and in scattered cells of the inter-follicular areas. Anti-CD19 exhibits an overall immunoreactivity pattern similar to those of the antibodies against CD20 and CD22. However, in contrast to CD20, expression of CD19 is continuous throughout B-cell development and through terminal differentiation of B-cells into plasma cells. Anti-CD19 positivity is seen in the vast majority of B-cell neoplasms commonly at a lower intensity than normal B-cell counterparts. Plasma cell neoplasms are nearly always negative, as are T-cell neoplasms.Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other la
Biotium Cycloxygenase-2 (COX-2)(COX2/1941), CF740 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Prostaglandins are a diverse group of autocrine and paracrine hormones that mediate many cellular and physiologic processes. Prostaglandin H2 (PGH2) is an intermediate molecule in formation of the prostaglandins. Cyclooxygenase-1 (Cox-1) and cyclooxygenase-2 (Cox-2) are prostaglandin synthases that catalyze the formation of PGH2 from arachidonic acid (AA). Cox-1 and Cox-2 are isozymes of prostaglandin-endoperoxidase synthase (PTGS). Cox-1 is constitutively expressed in most tissues and is thought to serve in general housekeeping functions. Cox-2 is efficiently induced in migratory cells responding to pro-inflammatory stimuli and is considered to be an important mediator of inflammation. Both enzymes are targets for the nonsteroidal therapeutic anti-inflammatory drugs, NSAIDs. COX2 expression is significantly increased in 85-90% of human colorectal adenocarcinomas whereas levels of COX-1 are not changed. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent
Biotium Calponin-1 (Smooth Muscle Marker), CF568 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Calponin is a calmodulin, F-actin and tropomyosin binding protein, which is thought to be involved in the regulation of smooth muscle contraction. Calponin expression is restricted to smooth muscle cells and has been shown to be a marker of the differentiated (contractile) phenotype of developing smooth muscle. Multiple isoelectric variants of calponin have been identified, however only two molecular weight isoforms exist, a 34 kDa form and a 29 kDa form. Expression of the 29 kDa form, I-calponin, is primarily restricted to muscle of the urogenital tract, whereas the higher molecular weight variant has been demonstrated in vascular and visceral smooth muscle. In Western blotting, this MAb reacts with only the 34 kDa form of calponin in extracts of human aortic medial smooth muscle and is unreactive with fibroblast extracts of cultivated human foreskin.Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer except
Biotium Chromogranin A / CHGA (Neuroendocrine Marker) (CHGA/1731R), CF488A conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Chromogranin A is present in neuroendocrine cells throughout the body, including the neuroendocrine cells of the large and small intestine, adrenal medulla and pancreatic islets. It is an excellent marker for carcinoid tumors, pheochromocytomas, paragangliomas, and other neuroendocrine tumors. Co-expression of chromogranin A and neuron specific enolase (NSE) is common in neuroendocrine neoplasms. Reportedly, co-expression of certain keratins and chromogranin indicates neuroendocrine lineage. The presence of strong anti-chromogranin staining and absence of anti-keratin staining should raise the possibility of paraganglioma. The co-expression of chromogranin and NSE is typical of neuroendocrine neoplasms. Most pituitary adenomas and prolactinomas readily express chromogranin.Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes
Biotium Ornithine Decarboxylase-1 (ODC-1)(ODC1/3636R), CF568 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Recognizes a 53 kDa protein, identified as the Ornithine Decarboxylase (ODC-1). ODC is the initial and rate-limiting enzyme in the biosynthetic pathway of polyamines and is involved in the conversion of ornithine to putrescine. The biological activity of ODC-1 is rapidly induced in response to virtually all agents known to promote cell proliferation including hormones, drugs, growth factors, mitogens, and tumor promoters. Reportedly, ODC mRNA levels are elevated in lung carcinomas as well as in colon adenomas and carcinomas. ODC activity in colorectal carcinomas is greater than those in adenomas and normal mucosa. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundance targets, because blue dyes have lower fluorescence and can give higher non-specific backg